Read the paper at https://direct.mit.edu/dint/article/3/1/64/94911/Open-Science-A-Questio…
Open Science—A Question of Trust

Collaboration and the sharing of knowledge is at the heart of Open Science (OS). However, we need to know that the knowledge we find and share is really what it purports to be; and we need to know that the authors we hope to collaborate with are really the people they claim to be.