Read the paper at https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2021/09000/Decreased_Susceptib…
Decreased Susceptibility of Marginal Odds Ratios to Finite-sample Bias
Parameters representing adjusted treatment effects may be defined marginally or conditionally on covariates. The choice between a marginal or covariate-conditional parameter should be driven by the study question. However, an unappreciated benefit of marginal estimators is a reduction in susceptibility to finite-sample bias relative to the unpenalized maximum likelihood estimator of the covariate-conditional odds ratio (OR).